In the past, Taiwanese citizens had insufficient awareness of environmental hygiene and lacked civic virtue, often engaging in indiscriminate littering, which led to environmental pollution and affected the quality of daily life. Therefore, the early focus of environmental hygiene policy was primarily on improving cleanliness. In recent years, with economic growth and higher living standards, the development in transportation, commercial, and residential environments have also expanded, leading to greater public expectations for environmental quality. The long-term goals of environmental hygiene work need to be dynamically adjusted in response to international trends and local Taiwanese customs. Environmental hygiene work is labor-intensive. Facing the continuous rise in the aging population and the trend of lower birth rates, labor costs keep increasing. In the future, the integration of smart technology and the Internet of Things, such as smart garbage bins, can be considered to create unique environmentally-friendly neighborhoods, generating topics to attract public attention. In response to the global ESG wave, it is feasible to encourage domestic enterprises to adopt or operate unique public toilets through public participation, public-private partnership, and corporate sponsorship, and to open advertising revenue streams. Furthermore, in recent years, the Taiwanese government has actively worked on improving environmental hygiene, leading to a significant enhancement in environmental quality. However, the public still largely relies on the government to provide resources for cleaning, depending on the reinforcement of behavioral norms in the legal system. Additionally, local governments establish local standards, leading to varied management methods and intensities, which may cause confusion among the public and result in unclear responsibilities and difficulty in integrating resources among various agencies. Based on the principle that maintaining good environmental quality is the responsibility of all citizens, and referring to the current laws, regulations, and management methods in Singapore, Japan, and South Korea, as well as the principle of division of labor based on the direct jurisdiction of land or buildings, the "Environmental Hygiene Management Promotion Act" (draft) has been drafted. It aims to integrate government resources, implement a division of responsibilities, promote environmental hygiene management, and comprehensively improve Taiwan's environmental quality. The main focus of the legislation is to incorporate the spirit of public maintenance. Adhering to the principle that the holder of the land disposal right, due to owning the land, benefits from it and should therefore be responsible for its good management. Each agency should properly divide the authority to manage the land or business under its jurisdiction. Additionally, in the face of natural disasters, vectors, and other potential environmental issues, the regulations stipulate that the competent authorities should support each other to maximize the use of manpower and resources and flexibly allocate duties, so that resources can be quickly deployed to implement emergency measures in the event of natural disasters, vectors, and other accidents. The purpose of the legislation is mainly to regulate and control environmental or public health issues and other related matters that can affect living health, safety, and public welfare. It aligns with national development policies and international trends and meets public expectations and responds to needs.

Environmental Sanitation, Management of General Waste, Regulatory Research and Analysis